ENGLISH
GRAMMAR_

// PARTS OF SPEECH

// 1. NOUNS - Person, place, thing, or idea
const nouns = {
    common: "dog, city, book, happiness",
    proper: "London, Microsoft, Shakespeare",
    collective: "team, family, flock",
    abstract: "love, freedom, courage"
};

// Examples:
"The dog barked loudly."
"London is a beautiful city."
"Her courage inspired everyone."

// 2. PRONOUNS - Replace nouns
const pronouns = {
    personal: "I, you, he, she, it, we, they",
    possessive: "my, your, his, her, its, our, their",
    reflexive: "myself, yourself, himself, herself",
    relative: "who, whom, whose, which, that"
};

// Examples:
"She gave me her book."
"The person who called is waiting."
"I taught myself to code."

// 3. VERBS - Action or state of being
const verbs = {
    action: "run, write, think, create",
    linking: "is, am, are, was, were, be, being, been",
    helping: "can, could, will, would, shall, should, may, might, must"
};

// Examples:
"She writes code every day."
"He is a developer."
"They will finish the project tomorrow."

// 4. ADJECTIVES - Describe nouns
"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog."
"She is intelligent and creative."
"This is an excellent solution."

// 5. ADVERBS - Modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs
"She codes quickly and efficiently."
"The app runs very smoothly."
"He almost always arrives early."

// TENSES

// PRESENT TENSES
const present = {
    simple: "I write code.",
    continuous: "I am writing code.",
    perfect: "I have written code.",
    perfectContinuous: "I have been writing code for 2 hours."
};

// PAST TENSES
const past = {
    simple: "I wrote code yesterday.",
    continuous: "I was writing code when you called.",
    perfect: "I had written the code before the meeting.",
    perfectContinuous: "I had been writing code for hours."
};

// FUTURE TENSES
const future = {
    simple: "I will write code tomorrow.",
    continuous: "I will be writing code at 3 PM.",
    perfect: "I will have written the code by Friday.",
    perfectContinuous: "I will have been writing code for 5 hours."
};

// SENTENCE STRUCTURE

// Simple Sentence (one independent clause)
"The developer codes."

// Compound Sentence (two independent clauses)
"The developer codes, and the designer creates mockups."

// Complex Sentence (independent + dependent clause)
"When the bug was fixed, the app worked perfectly."

// Compound-Complex Sentence
"When the sprint ended, the team celebrated, and they planned the next iteration."

// ACTIVE vs PASSIVE VOICE

// Active Voice (subject performs action)
"The programmer wrote the code."
"The team deployed the application."

// Passive Voice (subject receives action)
"The code was written by the programmer."
"The application was deployed by the team."

// SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT

// Singular subject = singular verb
"The developer writes clean code."
"She is working on the project."

// Plural subject = plural verb
"The developers write clean code."
"They are working on the project."

// ARTICLES

// Definite article (specific)
"The bug in the code was fixed."

// Indefinite articles (non-specific)
"A developer needs an IDE."
"An error occurred during runtime."

// PREPOSITIONS

// Time: at, on, in
"at 3 PM, on Monday, in January, in 2024"

// Place: at, on, in
"at the office, on the desk, in the building"

// Direction: to, from, into, onto
"Go to the meeting room."
"Move from development to production."

// CONJUNCTIONS

// Coordinating (FANBOYS): for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so
"I code in JavaScript and Python."
"She's talented, but she needs more experience."

// Subordinating: because, although, if, when, while, since
"I learned React because it's popular."
"Although it's difficult, I'll master it."

// PUNCTUATION

// Period (.)
"The function returns a value."

// Comma (,)
"I code in JavaScript, Python, and Java."
"After debugging, I deployed the app."

// Semicolon (;)
"The code works; however, it needs optimization."

// Colon (:)
"You need three things: patience, practice, and persistence."

// Apostrophe (')
"It's a developer's responsibility."  // contraction + possessive

// Quotation Marks ("")
"She said, \"The code is ready.\""

// COMMON GRAMMAR PATTERNS

// Conditional Sentences
const conditionals = {
    zero: "If you heat water to 100°C, it boils.",
    first: "If I finish early, I will help you.",
    second: "If I had time, I would learn Rust.",
    third: "If I had studied harder, I would have passed."
};

// Reported Speech
const direct = 'She said, "I am learning JavaScript."';
const reported = "She said that she was learning JavaScript.";

// Comparatives and Superlatives
const comparison = {
    positive: "fast, good, beautiful",
    comparative: "faster, better, more beautiful",
    superlative: "fastest, best, most beautiful"
};

// Examples:
"Python is easier than C++."
"JavaScript is the most popular language for web development."

// MODALS

// Ability: can, could, be able to
"I can code in Python."
"She could solve the problem."

// Permission: can, may, could
"May I use your computer?"
"Can I submit the code?"

// Obligation: must, have to, should
"You must test your code."
"Developers should write documentation."

// Advice: should, ought to
"You should learn Git."
"You ought to practice daily."

// Possibility: may, might, could
"It might "The bug could be in the database layer."